Virgil
Aeneid 1.42-54
Course
Notes
Ipsa, Iovis rapidum
iaculata e nubibus ignem,
disiecitque rates evertitque aequora ventis,
illum expirantem transfixo pectore flammas
turbine corripuit scopuloque infixit acuto. 45
disiecitque rates evertitque aequora ventis,
illum expirantem transfixo pectore flammas
turbine corripuit scopuloque infixit acuto. 45
Ast ego, quae divum incedo regina, Iovisque
et soror et coniunx, una cum gente tot annos
bella gero! Et quisquam numen Iunonis adorat
praeterea, aut supplex aris imponet honorem?'
et soror et coniunx, una cum gente tot annos
bella gero! Et quisquam numen Iunonis adorat
praeterea, aut supplex aris imponet honorem?'
Talia
flammato secum dea corde volutans 50
nimborum in patriam, loca feta furentibus Austris,
Aeoliam venit. Hic vasto rex Aeolus antro
luctantes ventos tempestatesque sonoras
imperio premit ac vinclis et carcere frenat.
nimborum in patriam, loca feta furentibus Austris,
Aeoliam venit. Hic vasto rex Aeolus antro
luctantes ventos tempestatesque sonoras
imperio premit ac vinclis et carcere frenat.
SUGGESTED WORD
ORDER
(A) [Minerva] ipsa
iaculata [est] rapidum ignem Iovis e nubibus [et] disiecit rates [et] evertis
aequora ventis, [et] turbine corripuit illum exspirantem flammas [e] transfixo
pectore [et] infixil [eum in] acuto scopulo. (B) ast ego, quae incedo
regina div[or]um et soror et coniunx Iovis, gero bella cum una gente tot annos. Et praeteria quisquam adorat numen Iunonis
aut supplex imponet honorem [in] aris? (C)
Volutans talia cum se [in] flammato corde, dea veni in Aeoliam, patriam
nimborum, loca feta furentibus Austris. (D) Hic rex Aeolus permit luctantis ventos
[et] sonoras tempestates [in] vasto antro imperio ac fenat illos vinclis et
carcere
CALDWELL
(A) “She herself threw
Jupiter’s swift fire from the clouds, shattered the ships, and overturned the
sea with winds, then carried off Ajax in a whirlwind, breathing out flames from
his pierced chest, and impaled him on a rock.
(B) But I, queen of the gods,
Jupiter’s sister and wife, still wage war with one people after so many
years. Who now will worship the power of
Juno, or put suppliant honor on her altars?”
(C) With thoughts like this
in her inflamed heart, the goddess came to Aeolia, land of the winds and source
of storms. (D) Here in a vast cave King Aeolus ruled the struggling winds and
noisy storms, restraining them with chains and prison.
Ipsa,
Iovis rapidum iaculata e nubibus ignem,
disiecitque rates evertitque aequora ventis,
disiecitque rates evertitque aequora ventis,
ventis
ablative of means
“iaculata” is perfect passive
participle of the deponent iaculor, iaculari, iaculatus sum (1st),
“to throw or hurl.” “disiecit” is third person singular perfect
indicative active of disicio, disicere, disieci, disiectum (3rd),
“to fling apart, scatter.” “evertit” is third person singular perfect
indicative active of everto, evertere, everti, eversum(3rd), “to
overthrow.”
The intensive pronoun “ipsa” is
feminine nominative singular of ipse, ipsa, ipsum, here
referring to Pallas Athena. “Iovis” is genitive singular of the
irregular Iupiter, Iovis, m. (3rd). The
possessive genitive is modifies “ignem.” “ignem” is accusative singular
of ignis, ignis, m. (3rd), “fire”; direct
object of “iaculata.” The adjective “rapidum” is masculine accusative
singular of rapidus, rapida, rapidum; describes
“ignem.” The preposition “e” takes the ablative, here “nubibus”; “from
the clouds.” “nubibus” is ablative plural of nubes, nubis,
f. (3rd), “clouds.”
“rates” is accusative plural of ratis,
ratis, f. (3rd), “ship.” “que…que”: coordinating
conjunctions. “aequora” is accusative plural of aequor,
aequoris, n. (3rd), “smooth surface; the sea.” Direct object
of “evertit.” “ventis” is ablative plural of ventis, venti, m.
(2nd), “the wind.” Instrumental ablative.
illum
expirantem transfixo pectore flammas
turbine corripuit scopuloque infixit acuto. 45
turbine corripuit scopuloque infixit acuto. 45
turbine
ablative of means
transfixo pectore ablative of separation
acuto scopulo ablative of place where
The demonstrative pronoun “illum” is masculine
accusative singular of ille, illa, illud, here referring to
Ajax. “pectore” is ablative singular of pectus, pectoris,
n. (3rd), “breast.” “flammas” is accusative plural
of flamma, flammae, f. (1st), “fire,
flame.” Construe with “exspirantem.”
“transfixo” is perfect passive
participle of transfigo, transfigere, transfixi, transfixum,
“to pierce through, transfix.” “corripuit” is third person singular
perfect indicative active of corripio, corripere, corripui,
correptum (3rd –io), “to seize, snatch.”
“infixit” is third person singular perfect indicative active of infigo,
infigere, infixi, infixum, “to fasten, fix.” “exspirantem” is
present active participle of exspiro, exspirare, expsiravi,
expsiratum, “to breath out, exhale.”
“turbine” is ablative singular
of turbo, turbinis, m. (3rd), “whirlwind.”
“scopulo” is ablative singular of scopulus, scopuli, m. (2nd),
“rock, crag.” The adjective “acuto,” modifying
“scopulo,” is masculine ablative singular of acutus,
acuta, acutum, “sharp.”
Ast
ego, quae divum incedo regina, Iovisque
et soror et coniunx, una cum gente tot annos
bella gero! Et quisquam numen Iunonis adorat
praeterea, aut supplex aris imponet honorem?'
et soror et coniunx, una cum gente tot annos
bella gero! Et quisquam numen Iunonis adorat
praeterea, aut supplex aris imponet honorem?'
tot annos
accusative of extent of time
adorat best
read w praetorian quisquam as “does
anyone henceforth worship…”
aris
ablative of place where
“incedo” is first
person singular present indicative active of incedo, incedere,
incessi, incessum, “to move, advance.”
“gero” is first
person singular present indicative active of gero, gerere, gessi,
gestum (3rd), “to wage.” Historical
present.
“Ast”=archaic form
of the adversative conjunction at, “but.” “ego” is
nominative singular of the first person pronoun, which when used conveys
emphatic force. “quae” is feminine nominative singular of the relative
pronoun qui, quae, quod. Agrees with antecedent
“ego.” “divum” is a contracted form of the genitive plural ofdivus,
divi, m. (2nd). “regina”
is nominative singular of regina, reginae, f. (1st).
“Iovis” is genitive ofIupiter.
et…et=both…and.
“soror” is nominative singular of soror, sororis, f. (3rd). “coniunx”
is feminine nominative singular of coniunx, coniugis, m./f. (3rd),
“wife.” “una” is feminine ablative singular of unus, una, unum.
“una” modifies “gente.” “gente” is ablative singular of gens, gentis,
f. (3rd). the preposition “cum” takes the ablative,
here “gente.” The indeclinable adjective “tot” modifies “annos.”
“annos” is accusative plural ofannus, anni, m. (2nd).
“bella” is
accusative plural of bella, belli, m. (2nd).
... Et quisquam numen Iunonis adorat
praeterea, aut supplex aris imponet honorem?'
praeterea, aut supplex aris imponet honorem?'
“adorat” is third
person singular present indicative active of adoro, adorare,
adoravi, adoratum (1st), “to adore.”
“imponet” is third
person singular future indicative active of impono, imponere,
imponui, impositum (3rd), “to place on.”
The conjunction “et”
here conveys indignation and a suggests a negative answer to the following
rhetorical question. “quisquam”is masculine nominative singular of the
indefinite pronoun quisquam, quaequam, quicquam,
“anyone.” “numen” is accusative singular of numen, numinis,
n. (3rd), “god, deity, divinity.””Iunonis” is genitive singular
of Iuno, Iuonis, f.
The adverb
“praeterea”= “besides; after this.” The conjunction “aut”= “or.” The adjective
“supplex” is nominative singular masculine of supplex, supplicis, m.f./n.
(3rd), “kneeling, suppliant.” “aris” is dative plural
of ara, arae, f. (1st), “altar.”
“honorem” is accusative singular of honos, honoris, m. (3rd),
“honor, offering.”
Talia flammato secum
dea corde
volutans 50
nimborum in patriam, loca feta furentibus austris,
Aeoliam venit…
nimborum in patriam, loca feta furentibus austris,
Aeoliam venit…
flammato corde ablative of place where
furentibus Austris ablative of means after feta;
read metonymically, “all sorts of raging winds”
“talia” is
accusative neuter plural of the adjective talis, tale m.f.
/ n. (3rd), “such, of such kind.” “flammato” is ablative
singular neuter of the perfect passive participle of flammo,
flammare, flammavi, flammatum, “to set ablaze.” “flammato” agrees
with “corde.” “corde” is ablative singular of cor, cordis,
n. (3rd). “secum”: cf. line 37. “dea” is
feminine nominative singular of dea, deae (1st). “volutans”
is present participle of voluto, volutare, volutavi, volutatum,
“to ponder, turn over in the mind.”
“nimborum” is
genitive plural of nimbus, nimbi, m. (2nd),
“cloud, storm-cloud.” The preposition “in” takes the accusative=”into.”
“patriam” is accusative singular of patria, patriae, f. (1st).
“loca” is accusative plural oflocus, loci, m. (2nd).
The adjective “feta” is accusative plural of fetus, feta, fetum,
“pregnant, filled with.” “furentibus” is ablative plural masculine of the
present participle of the intransitive furo, furere, furui (3rd);
“furentibus austris”=”raging winds.” “austris” is ablative plural of auster,
austri, m. (2nd), “the south wind.”
“Aeoliam” is
accusative of Aeolia, Aeoliae, f. (1st), “the
country of Aeolus.” “venit” is third person singular present indicative
active of venio, venire, veni, ventum.
Hic vasto rex Aeolus
antro
luctantes ventos tempestatesque sonoras
imperio premit ac vinclis et carcere frenat.
luctantes ventos tempestatesque sonoras
imperio premit ac vinclis et carcere frenat.
The adverb
“hic”=”here, hereupon.” The adjective “vasto,” which modifies “antro,” is
ablative singular neuter of vasto, vasta, vastum, “huge,
vast.” “rex” is nominative singular masculine of rex, regis,
m. (3rd). “antro” is ablative singular of antrum,
antri, n. (2nd), “cave.”
“luctantes” is
present participle of the intransitive deponent luctor, luctari,
luctatus sum, “to struggle.” “ventos” is accusative plural
of ventus, venti, m. (2nd), “wind.”
“tempestates” is accusative plural of tempestas, tempestatis, f.
(3rd), “storm.” The conjunction –que links to
“ventos.” The adjective “sonoras,” qualifying “tempestates,” is
accusative plural feminine of sonorus, sonora, sonorum,
“loud, noisy.”
“imperio” is
ablative singular of imperium, imperii, m. (2nd),
“command, rule, empire.” “premit” is third person singular present
indicative active of premo, premere, pressi, pressum,
“press, keep down, keep in.” The conjunction “ac”=”atque,” linking the
verbs “premit” and “frenat.” “vinclis” is a contracted form of
“vinculus,” ablative plural of vinculum, vinculi, n. (2nd),
“chain.” The conjunction “et” connects “vinclis” and “carcere,” two
words expressing a single idea (hendiadys). “carcere” is ablative
singular of carcer, carceris, m. (3rd),
“prison.” “frenat” is third person singular present indicative
active of freno, frenare, frenavi, frenatum(1st),
“to control with reins, curb.”
Aeneid 1.44-54 Scansion
īllum ēx|spīrān|tēm ‖ trān|sfīxō| pēctŏrĕ| flāmmāstūrbĭnĕ| cōrrĭpŭ|īt ‖ scŏpŭl|ōque īn|fīxĭt ăc|ūtō; 45
āst ĕgŏ|, quaē dīv|um īncēd|ō ‖ rēg|īnă Iŏv|īsquĕ
ēt sŏrŏr| ēt cōn|iūnx, ‖ ūn|ā cūm| gēntĕ tŏt| ānnōs
bēllă gĕr|o. ēt quīs|quām ‖ nūm|ēn Iūn|ōnĭs ăd|ōrăt
praētĕrĕ|a aūt sūp|plēx ‖ ār|īs īm|pōnĕt hŏn|ōrĕm?”
Tālĭă| flāmmāt|ō ‖ sēc|ūm dĕă| cōrdĕ vŏl|ūtāns 50
nīmbōr|um īn pătrĭ|ām, ‖ lŏcă| fētă fŭr|ēntĭbŭs| Aūstrīs,
Aēŏlĭ|ām vĕnĭt|. hīc ‖ vās|tō rēx| Aēŏlŭs| āntrō
lūctān|tēs vēn|tōs ‖ tēm|pēstāt|ēsquĕ sŏn|ōrās
īmpĕrĭ|ō prĕmĭt| āc ‖ vīn|clīs ēt| cārcĕrĕ| frēnăt.
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