2018 ICA Latin 4 Virgil Aeneid 1.102-112 Course Notes

Aeneid 1:102-112

Course Notes

Talia iactanti stridens Aquilone procella
velum adversa ferit, fluctusque ad sidera tollit.
Franguntur remi; tum prora avertit, et undis
dat latus; insequitur cumulo praeruptus aquae mons.                  105

Hi summo in fluctu pendent; his unda dehiscens
terram inter fluctus aperit; furit aestus harenis.
Tris Notus abreptas in saxa latentia torquet—
(saxa vocant Itali mediis quae in fluctibus Aras—
dorsum immane mari summo); tris Eurus ab alto               110
in brevia et Syrtis urget, miserabile visu,
inliditque vadis atque aggere cingit harenae.

SUGGESTED WORD ORDER

(A)  Adversa procella, stridens [de] Aquilone, ferit velum [Aeneae] iactanti talia [dicta et] tollit fluctus ad sidera.

(B)  Remi franguntur, tum prora avertit et dat latus undis, [et] praeruptus mons aquae insequitur cumulo.

(C)  Hi [viri] pendent in summon fluctu; his [viris] dehiscens unda aperit terram inter fluctus, aestus furit harenis.

(D)  Notus torque tris [naves] abreptas in latentia saxa (Itali vocant saxa quae [sunt] in mediis fluctibus “Aras,”) immane dorsum [in] summon mari,

(E) [et] Eurus urget tris  [naves] ab alto in vrevia et syrtis, miserabile visu, [et] inlidit vadis atque cingit [eas] aggere harenae.

CALDWELL

(A)  As he spoke a shrill storm from the north struck the sail head-on and raised waves to the stars.

(B)  Oars broke, and the prow swung around, exposing the side to the waves.  A giant mountain of water lifted the ship…

(C)  high on top of the wave, and in the gap between waves they could see sand churned by the sea.

(D)  The south wind threw three ships on hidden rocks (which the Italians called “Altars,” a vast ridge just below the surface)

(E) and the east wind sent three from the deep into shallows (terrible to see!) and surrounded them with a mound of sand. 

Talia iactanti stridens Aquilone procella
velum adversa ferit, fluctusque ad sidera tollit.

Aquilone abative of place from which

[Aeneae] iactanti dative of reference, “to Aeneas as he was shouting”

The adjective “talia” is accusative neuter plural of talis, tale, n. (3^rd), “of such kind, such.”  “iactanti” is dative present participle of iacio, iacare, iacavi, iacatum, here “shouting, speaking out.”  Agreeing with “Aeneae” understood.  So-called “ethical dative”; see Ganiban note 102-3.  “stridens” is present participle of strideo, stridere, stridii, “to creak, hiss, hum, rustle, whistle.” “Aquilone” is ablative singular ofAquilo, Aquilonis, m. (3^rd), “the North Wind.”  “procella” is nominative singular of procella, procellae, f.(1^st), “storm, tempest.”

“velum” is accusative singular of velum, veli, n. (2^nd), “sail.”  The adjective “adversa” is nominative singular feminine of adversus, adversa, adversum, “turned towards, opposite,”; here agreeing with “procella.” “ferit” is third person singular present indicative active of ferio, ferire, “to smite, to strike, to beat or hit.”  “fluctus” is accusative plural of fluctus, fluctus, m.(4^th), “billow, surge.”  “ad”+accusative, here “sidera”  “sidera” is accusative plural of sidus, sideris, n. (3^rd), “constellation, star.”   

Franguntur remi; tum prora avertit, et undis
dat latus; insequitur cumulo praeruptus aquae mons.                                                   105

cumulo ablative of manner, “in a large heap”

“franguntur” is third person plural present indicative active of frango, frangere, fregi, fractum(3^rd), “to break or dash to pieces, shiver, shatter.”  “remi” is nominative plural of remus, remi, m. (2^nd), “oar.”  “tum”=adverb of time: “At that time, right then.”  “prora” is nominative singular of prora, prorae, f. (1^st), “forepart of a ship, prow, bow.”  “avertit” is third person singular present indicative active of averto, avertere, averti, aversum (3^rd), “to turn away, turn over.”  “et”:  joining “avertit” and “dat.”  “undis” is dative plural of unda, undae, f. (1^st), “wave.” 

“dat” is third person singular present indicative active of do, dare, dedi, datum.  The subject is “prora” in the previous line.  “latus” is accusative singular of latus, lateris, n. (3^rd), “side, flank.”  “insequitur” is third person singular present indicative active of the deponent insequor, insequi, insecutus sum (3^rd), “to follow after, come next.” The subject of “insequitur” is “mons.”  “cumulo” is ablative singular of cumulus, cumuli, n. (2^nd), “heap, pile, mass.”  “praeruptus” is perfect passive participle of praerumpo, praerumpere, praerupi, praeruptum (3^rd), “to break off short, to break off suddenly.”  “aquae” is genitive singular of aqua, aquae, f. (1^st), “water.”  “mons” is nominative singular of mons, montis, m. (3^rd),  “mountain.”

Hi summo in fluctu pendent; his unda dehiscens
terram inter fluctus aperit; furit aestus harenis.

his [viris] dative of reference; read “hi [viri]…his [viris]” as “some…for others…”

harenis ablative of means

The demonstrative adjective “hi” [with “homines” understood] is nominative plural masculine of hic, haec, hoc.  The superlative adjective “summo,” agreeing with “fluctu,” is ablative singular masculine of summus, summa, summum.  The preposition “in”governs the ablative “fluctu.”  “fluctu” is ablative singular of fluctus, fluctus, m. (4^th), “billow, surge”; “summo in fluctu” logically translates to the “crest” or “peak” of the wave.  The intransitive “pendent” is third person plural present indicative active of pendeo, pendere, pependi, “to hang down; to hover, be suspended or poised.”  The demonstrative adjective “his” [with “hominibus” understood] is dative plural masculine of hic, haec, hoc.  See Ganiban note 106-107.  “unda” is nominative singular ofunda, undae, f. (1^st), “wave.”  “dehiscens” is present participle of dehisco, dehiscere, dehivi (3^rd), “to gape, split open.” “harenis” is ablative plural of harena, harenae f. (1) “sand.” 

“terram” is accusative singular of terra, terrae, f. (1^st).  The preposition “inter”+accusative, here “fluctus.”  “fluctus” is accusative plural of fluctus, fluctus, m. (4^th), “billow, surge.”  “aperit” is third person singular present indicative active of aperio, aperere, aperui, apertum (4^th), “to uncover, lay bare, disclose, unveil.”  “furit” is third person singular present indicative active of the intransitive furo, furere, furui, “to rage, revel; to be furious.”  “aestus” is nominative singular ofaestus, aestis, m. (4^th), “tide, surge, swell; seething, heat.”  “harenis” is ablative plural of harena, harenae, f. (1^st), “sand, sandy place, shore.” “furit aestus harenis”=”seabed swirling with sand.” 

Tris Notus abreptas in saxa latentia torquet—
(saxa vocant Itali mediis quae in fluctibus Aras—

dorsum immane mari summo);…

summon mari ablative of place where

The numerary adjective “tris”=”tres”=”three” (i.e., three ships, with “naves” understood).  “Notus” is nominative singular of Notus, Noti, m. (2^nd), “the South Wind.”  “abreptas” is perfect passive participle of abripio, abripere, abripui, abreptum (3^rd), “to snatch or tear away, rip off.”  The preposition “in”+ accusative, here “saxa.”  “saxa” is accusative plural of saxum, saxi, n. (2^nd), “large stone, rock.” “latentia” is accusative plural of the present participle of the intransitive lateo, latere, latui, “to lie hid or concealed.”  “torquet” is third person plural present indicative active oftorqueo, torquere, torsi, torsum (2^nd), “to wind, to twist, to whirl around.”    

“saxa”:  in apposition to “saxa” in the previous line; see Ganiban note 109.  “vocant” is third person plural present indicative active of voco, vocare, vocavi, vocatum (1^st); the subject is “Itali.”  The adjective [here employed as a noun] “Itali” is nominative plural masculine of  Italus, Itala, Italum.  The adjective “mediis” is ablative plural masculine of medius, media, medium, “middle.” “quae,” relating back to “saxa,”  is accusative plural neuter of the relative pronoun quis, quae, quod.  The preposition “in”+ablative, here governs “fluctibus.”  “fluctibus “ is ablative plural of fluctus, fluctus, m. (4^th), “flood, billow, surge.”  “Aras” is accusative plural of Arae, Ararum, f. (3^rd), “altar, hearth; refuge, shelter.” 

“dorsum” [a contracted form of “devorsum”] is accusative singular of dorsum, dorsi, n. (2^nd), “the back; a mountain ridge.” The adjective “immani,” qualifying “dorsum,” is accusative singular ofimmanis, immane (3^rd), “huge, terrible.” “mari” is ablative singular of mare, maris, n. (3^rd), “the sea.”  The superlative adjective “summo” is ablative singular neuter of summus, summa, summum, “the highest.” 

…tris Eurus ab alto                                                   110
in brevia et Syrtis urget, miserabile visu,
inliditque vadis atque aggere cingit harenae.

visu supine as ablative of respect with miserabile, literally “miserable in respect to seeing,” thus “miserable to behold.” 

“tris” agrees with “naves” understood.  “Eurus”=”the East Wind.”  The preposition “ab”+ablative, here “alto”:  ablative of separation.  “alto” is ablative singular of altum, alti, n. (2^nd), “the deep, the sky.”

The preposition “in”+accusative, here “brevia.”  The adjective “brevia,” employed here as a noun, is accusative plural of brevis, brevi, “short, shallow.”  “et” joins “brevia” and “Syrtis.”  “Syrtis” is accusative plural of Syrtis, Syrtis, f. (3^rd), “sandbank,” especially “two dangerous shoals off the coast of North Africa.”  “urget” is third person singular present indicative active of urgeo, urgere, ursi, “to push, press, press upon, drive.”  The interjection “miserabile visu”=”horrible to see.” The adjective “miserabile” is accusative singular neuter of miserabilis, miserabile (3^rd), “pitiable, wretched.”  “visu” is supine of video, videre, visi, visum.  The supine is a form of verbal noun.  See Ganiban footnote 111 (though the discussion there inadvertently confuses “miserabile dictu” with “mirabile dictu”). 

“inlidit” is third person singular present indicative active of inlido, inlidere, inlisi, inlisum, “to dash into or upon.”  “-que” links  “inlidit” with “urget” in the previous line.  “vadis” is dative plural of vadum, vadi, n. (2^nd), “shallow, shoal.”  “atque” links “cingit” to the two previous verbs, “inlidit” and “urget.” “aggere” is ablative singular of agger, aggeris, m. (3^rd), “bank, mound.”  “cingit” is third person singular present indicative active of cingo, cingere, cinxi, cinctum (3^rd), “to put all around, surround.” “harenae” is genitive singular of harena, harenae, f. (1^st), “sand.” 

Virgil Aeneid 1.102-112 Scansion

Tālĭă| iāctān|tī || strīd|ēns Ăquĭl|ōnĕ prŏc|ēllă

vēlum ād|vērsă fĕr|īt, || flūc|tūsque ād| sīdĕră| tōllĭt.

frāngūn|tūr rēm|ī, || tūm| prōra āv|ērtĭt ĕt| ūndīs

dāt lătŭs|, īnsĕquĭt|ūr || cŭmŭl|ō praēr|ūptŭs ă|quaē mōns.105

hī sūm|mo īn flūc|tū || pēn|dēnt; hīs| ūndă dĕh|īscēns

tērram īn|tēr flūc|tūs || ăpĕr|īt, fŭrĭt| aēstŭs hăr|ēnīs.

Trēs Nŏtŭs| ābrēp|tās || īn| sāxă lăt|ēntĭă| tōrquĕt

(sāxă vŏc|ānt Ĭtăl|ī || mĕdĭ|īs quae īn| flūctĭbŭs| Ārās,

dōrsum īm|mānĕ măr|ī || sūm|mō), trēs| Eūrŭs ăb| āltō110

īn brĕvĭ|a ēt sŶr|tēs || ūr|gēt, mĭsĕr|ābĭlĕ| vīsū,

īnlīd|ītquĕ văd|īs || āt|que āggĕrĕ| cīngĭt hăr|ēnaē.

Dickinson Commentary Virgil 1.102-112

The fleet is scattered; three ships are wrecked, one swamped (Storr). 

102: iactanti: dative of reference (F-B) (AG 378.2). Dative of disadvantage (Walpole) (AG 376). An ethical dative (P-H) (AG 380). Aquilone: ablative of place from which (F-B). “From the north” (Frieze). Ablative of cause with stridens (Carter). “Howling with the north wind” (Walpole).
103: velum adversa ferit: “strikes the sail full in front”; adversa (lit. “facing”) agrees with procella, though adverbial in sense (F-B). ferit: from ferio (Page).
104: avertit: intransitive (F-B). avertere = avertere se (Carter). undis: dat. of indirect object (Robertson).
105: cumulo: “in a heap,” ablative of manner (F-B) (AG 412). “In a mass”; join with insequitur as an ablative of manner (Frieze).
106: hi...his: “some...to others”; the crews of different ships are referred to (F-B).
107: harenis: ablative of means (F-B) (AG 409).
108: tres: i.e., naves (F-B). Notus: “wind” (Robertson). latentia: “hidden,” “sunken,” i.e., just reaching the surface of the water (110), hence the sailor might fail to see them (Conway).
109: quae: understand sunt (Bennett). Construe: Saxa (quae) Itali vocant Aras, quae (sunt) in mediis fluctibus (Walpole). Aras: “Altars,” a name given to a rocky reef off the African coast (F-B).
110: dorsum: in apposition with Aras. The word properly means an animal’s back (F-B). ab alto: “from the deep sea” (Walpole).
111: brevia: here a noun (Knapp). in brevia et syrtes: “onto the shallows and sand banks.” The famous Syrtes (Gulfs of Cabes and Sidra), possibly referred to here, are considerably to the east of Carthage, but poets are often vague in their geographical references (F-B) (map). miserabile visu: “wretched to behold” (Bennett). miserabile is an accusative, in apposition with the sentence (F-B) (AG 397f). visu: the supine in u (Carter) (AG 510).
112: vadis: dative after invidit (Carter).