Aeneid 1:65-75 Course Notes

Latin IV:  Vergil, Aeneid

Instructor:  James Ransom

June 5, 2014

Aeneid 1:65-75
Course Notes
© 2014 James Ransom, M.A., J.D.

'Aeole, namque tibi divum pater atque hominum rex               65
et mulcere dedit fluctus et tollere vento,
gens inimica mihi Tyrrhenum navigat aequor,
Ilium in Italiam portans victosque Penates:
incute vim ventis summersasque obrue puppes,
aut age diversos et disiice corpora ponto.                                       70
Sunt mihi bis septem praestanti corpore nymphae,
quarum quae forma pulcherrima Deiopea,
conubio iungam stabili propriamque dicabo,
omnis ut tecum meritis pro talibus annos
exigat, et pulchra faciat te prole parentem.'                          75

'Aeole, namque tibi divum pater atque hominum rex               65
et mulcere dedit fluctus et tollere vento,
gens inimica mihi Tyrrhenum navigat aequor,
Ilium in Italiam portans victosque Penates:

“Aeole” is vocative singular of Aeolus, Aeoli, m., “king of the winds.”  “namque” is an explanatory conjunction; see Ganiban note 65.  “tibi” is dative singular of the second person personal pronoun.  “divum,”  contracted form of “divorum,” is genitive plural of divus, divi, m. (2^nd), “deity.” “pater” is nominative singular of pater, patris, m. (3^rd).  The conjunction “atque” joins “pater” and “rex.”  “hominum” is genitive plural of homo, hominis, m. (3^rd). “rex” is nominative singular of rex, regis, m., here referring to Jupiter. 

“et…et”=”both…and.” “mulcere” is present infinitive of mulceo, mulcere, mulsi, mulsum (2^nd), “to soothe.” “dedit” is third person singular perfect indicative active of do, dare, dedi, datum (1^st).   “fluctus” is accusative plural of fluctus, fluctus, m. (4^th), “wave.”  “tollere” is present infinitive of tollo, tollere, sustuli, sublatum (3^rd), “to raise.”  “vento” is ablative singular of ventus, venti, m. (2^nd), “wind.” 

“gens” is nominative singular of gens, gentis, f. (3^rd).  The adjective “inimica” is nominative singular feminine of inimicus, inimica, inimicum, agreeing with “gens.” “mihi” is dative singular feminine of the personal pronoun ego, mei.  The adjective “Tyrrhenum” is accusative singular neuter of Tyrrhenus, Tyrrhena, Tyrrhenum, “Tyrrhenian, Etruscan.”  “navigat” is third person singular present indicative active of navigo, navigare, navigavi, navigatum (1^st), “to sail, sail over.” “aequor,” in agreement with “Tyrrhenum,” is accusative singular of aequor, aequis, n. (3^rd), “sea, level surface.” 

“Ilium” is accusative singular of Ilium, Ilii, m. (2^nd), “Troy.” The preposition “in” here governs  the accusative “Italiam,” accusative singular of Italia, Italiae, f. (1^st).   “portans” is nominative singular of the present participle of porto, portare, portavi, portatum (1^st), “to carry.”  “victos” is perfect passive participle of vinco, vincere, vinci, victum, “to conquer.” “Penates” is accusative of Penates, Penatium, m. (3^rd), “gods of the household.” 

incute vim ventis summersasque obrue puppes,
aut age diversos et disiice corpora ponto.

“incute” is imperative of incutio, incutere, incuti, incussum (3^rd), “to strike into, dash into.” “vim” is accusative singular of vis, vis, f. (3^rd), “violence, force.” “ventis” is ablative plural of ventus, venti, m. (2^nd).   “summersas” is perfect passive participle of summergo, summergere, summersi, summersum (3^rd), “to sink.” See Ganiban note 69.  “obrue” is imperative of obruo, obruere, obrui, obrutum (3^rd), “to overwhelm.”  “puppes” is accusative plural of puppis, puppis, f. (3^rd), “stern,” here synechdoche for “ship.” 

The conjunction “aut”= “or.”  “age” is imperative of ago, agere, egi, actum (3^rd), “drive, move.”  The adjective “diversos” is accusative plural  masculine of diversus, diversa, diversum, “different.” The conjunction “et” links the imperatives “age” and “disiice.”  “disiice” is imperative of disicio, disicere, disieci, disiectum, “to fling apart, scatter.”  “corpora” is accusative plural of corpus, corporis, n. (3^rd).  “ponto” is ablative singular of pontus, ponti, m. (2^nd), “sea.” 

Sunt mihi bis septem praestanti corpore nymphae,
quarum quae forma pulcherrima Deiopea,
conubio iungam stabili propriamque dicabo

“sunt” is third person plural present indicative active of sum, esse, fui, futurus.  “mihi” is dative singular of the personal pronoun ego; dative of possession.  The numerary adverb “bis” qualifies “septem.” The indeclinable adjective “septem” modifies  “nymphae.” The adjective “praestanti” is ablative singular neuter of the adjective praestans, praestantis, m.f./n.,   “excelling”; agrees with “corpore.”  “nymphae” is nominative plural of nympha, nymphae, f.

“quarum,” in agreement with “nymphae,” is genitive plural of the relative pronoun qui, quae, quod.  “quae,” in agreement with “Deiopea,” is  nominative singular feminine of qui, quae, quod.  “forma” is ablative singular of forma, formae, f. (1^st).  The superlative “pulcherrima” is nominative singular feminine of pulcherrimus, pulcherrima, pulcherrimum, “most fair.”  “Deiopea” is nominative singular feminine of Deiopea, Deiopae, f. (1^st). 

“conubio” is ablative singular of conubium, conubii, n. (2^nd), “marriage.”  “iungam” is first person singular future indicative active of iungo, iungere, iunxi, iunctum, “to join.” The adjective “stabili,” modifying “connubio,” is ablative singular neuter of stabilis, stabili (3^rd), “steadfast, firm.”   “-que” joins “iungam” and “dicabo,” first person singular future indicative active of dico, dicere, dixi, dictum. 

omnis ut tecum meritis pro talibus annos
exigat, et pulchra faciat te prole parentem.'

The adjective “omnis,” agreeing with “annos,” is accusative plural masculine of omnis, omne (3^rd). “annos,” is accusative plural of annus, anni, m. (2^nd), and is the direct object of “exigat” in the following line.  “ut”+ subjunctive expresses purpose; here governs “exigat.”[ “exigat” is third person singular present subjunctive active of exigo, exigere, exegi, exactum (3^rd), “to lead out, to complete, to finish.”]  “tecum”= “te” + “cum”= “with you.”  “meritis” is ablative plural of meritum, meriti, n. (2^nd), “merit, desert.”  “pro”: preposition governing the ablative “meritis.”  The adjective “talibus” is ablative plural neuter of talis, tale, “of such kind,” and modifies “meritis.”

“exigat” is third person singular present subjunctive active of exigo, exigere, exegi, exactum (3^rd), “to lead out, to complete, to finish.”  The conjunction “et” joins “exigat” and “faciat.” “faciat” is third person singular present subjunctive active of facio, facere, feci, factum (3^rd).  The adjective “pulchra” is ablative singular feminine of pulcher, pulchra, pulchrum; modifies “prole.”  “prole” is ablative singular of proles, prolis, f. (3^rd), “offspring.”  “te,” the object of “faciat,” is accusative singular of the personal pronoun tu.   “parentem” is accusative singular of parens, parentem, m./f. (3^rd), “parent.”