Aeneid 1:180-197 Course Notes

Latin IV:  Vergil, Aeneid

Instructor:  James Ransom

June 21, 2014

Aeneid 1: 180-197

Course Notes

While conducting reconnaissance, Aeneas and his “aide de camp,” Achates, sight a drove of grazing deer.  Aeneas shoots seven stags, one for the crew of each of his surviving ships, and he and Achates haul the venison back to port.  Though inwardly discouraged, Aeneas prepares to address his men in an effort to boost their flagging spirits.     

Aenēās scopulum intereā cōnscendit, et omnem               180
prōspectum lātē pelagō petit, Anthea sī quem
iactātum ventō videat Phrygiāsque birēmis,
aut Capyn, aut celsīs in puppibus arma Caīcī.
Nāvem in conspectu nūllam, trēs litore cervōs
prōspicit errantēs; hōs tōta armenta sequuntur                 185
ā tergō, et longum per vallēs pascitur agmen.
Cōnstitit hīc, arcumque manū celerēsque sagittās
corripuit, fīdus quae tēla gerēbat Achātēs;
ductōrēsque ipsōs primum, capita alta ferentēs
cornibus arboreīs, sternit, tum volgus, et omnem               190
miscet agēns tēlis nemora inter frondea turbam;
nec prius absistit, quam septem ingentia victor
corpora fundat humī, et numerum cum nāvibus aequet.
Hinc portum petit, et socios partitur in omnēs.
Vīna bonus quae deinde cadīs onerārat Acestēs                 195
litore Trinacriō dederatque abeuntibus hērōs,
dīvidit, et dictis maerentia pectora mulcet:

Verbs in this Passage In Order of Appearance

180	conscendo, conscendere, conscensi, conscensum	“to ascend, mount, climb.”
181	peto, petere, petivi, petitum	“to go to seek, to aim at”
182	iacto, iacare, iacavi, iacatum	“to throw, throw out, throw repeatedly”
182	video, videre, visi, visum	“to see”
185	prospicio, prospicere, prospexi, prospectum	“to see a frontal view, command a wide view, see right in front [of one]”
185	erro, errare, erravi, erratum	“to wander”
185	sequor, sequi, secutus sum	“to follow, come after”
186	pasco, pascere, pavi, pastum	“to graze, to feed”
187	consto, constare, constiti, constitum	“to stand still”
188	corripio, corripere, corripui, correptum	“to seize, to snatch up”
188	gero, gerere, gessi, gestum	“to carry out, to bear”
189	fero, ferre, tuli, latus	“to bring, to carry”
190	sterno, sternere, stravi, stratum	“to stretch out, bring down, lay low”
191	misceo, miscere, miscui, mixtum	“to mix, to mix up, confuse, confound”
191	ago, agere, egi, actum	“to drive, to move.”
192	absisto, absistere, abstiti, abstitum	“to desist, leave off, abstain, withdraw”
193	fundo, fundere, fudi, fusum	“to scatter, to bring down; to pour out”
193	aequo, aequare, aequavi, aequatum	“to make even, to make equal.”
194	partior, partiri, partitus sum	“to apportion, share out, divide”
195	onero, onerare, oneravi, oneratum	“to stow away, to store; to load, to burden”
196	do, dare, dedi, datum	“to give”
197	divido, dividere, divisi, divisum	“to divide”
197	mulceo, mulcere, mulsi, mulsum	“to soothe.”

Aeneas scopulum interea conscendit, et omnem               180
prospectum late pelago petit,…

“Aeneas”:  nominative, subject of “conscendit” and of “petit” in the following line. “scopulum,” direct object of “conscendit,”  is accusative singular of scopulus, scopuli, m. (4^th), “cliff, crag, rock.”  The temporal adverb “interea”=”meanwhile.”  “conscendit” is third person singular present indicative active of conscendo, conscendere, conscensi, conscensum (3^rd), “to ascend, mount, climb.” The conjunction “et” links “conscendit: with “petit” in the following line.  The adjective “omnem,” agreeing with “prospectum” in the following line, is accusative singular masculine of omnis, omne, “all, every; whole.” 

“prospectum” is accusative singular of prospectus, prospectus (4^th), “distant view, prospect, outlook.”  The adverb “late”= “far and wide”;  modifies “prospectum.”  “pelago” is ablative of pelago, pelagi, n. (2^nd), “the sea.”  “petit” is third person singular present indicative active of peto, petere, petivi, petitum (3^rd); “Aeneas” is the subject. 

                                                  …Anthea si quem
iactatum vento videat Phrygiasque biremis,
aut Capyn, aut celsis in puppibus arma Caici.

“Anthea,” the direct object of “videat” in the following line, is  accusative singular of Antheus, Anthi, m., “follower of Aeneas.”  “si” =  “if, whether”; conditional conjunction controlling the subjunctive “videat” in the following line.  The indefinite pronoun “quem,”agreeing with “Antheus,” is accusative singular masculine of quis, quid. 

“iactatum,” agreeing with “Antheus” in the previous line, is accusative of the perfect passive participle of iacto, iacare, iacavi, iacatum, “to throw, throw out, throw repeatedly.” “vento” is ablative singular of ventus, venti, m. (2^nd), “the wind”; instrumental ablative. “videat” is third person singular present subjunctive active of video, videre, visi, visum; “Aeneas” is the subject.  The adjective “Phrygias” is accusative plural feminine of Phrygius, Phrygia, Phrygium, “Phrygian”; synonym for “Trojan.”   “-que” links “Phrygias” with  “biremis” and with  “aut Capyn…aut Caici” in the following line.  “biremis,” object of “videat,” is accusative plural of biremis, bireme, f. (3^rd), “bireme,” a ship with two rows of oars.

The conjunction “aut” = “or.”  “Capyn” is accusative singular of Capys, Capyos, m. (3^rd), “follower of Aeneas.”  The conjunction “aut” = “or.”  The adjective “celsis,” qualifying “puppibus,” is  ablative plural feminine of celsus, celsa, celsum, “lofty.”  The preposition “in”+ablative.  “puppibus” is ablative plural of puppis, puppis, f. (3^rd), “stern.”  “arma” is accusative plural of arma, armorum, n. (2^nd).  “Caici” is genitive of Caicus, Caici, m. (2^nd).  Re “in puppibus arma Caici” see Ganiban note 183. 

Navem in conspectu nullam, tres litore cervos
prospicit errantes; hos tota armenta sequuntur               185
a tergo, et longum per valles pascitur agmen.

“navem,” direct object of “prospicit” in the following line, is accusative singular of navis, navis, f. (3^rd), “ship.”  The preposition “in” + ablative “conspectu,” ablative singular of conspectus, conspectus, m. (4^th), “view, sight.”  The adjective “nullam,” limiting “navem,” is accusative singular feminine of nullus, nulla, nullum, “none, not any.”  “tres” is accusative plural of the numerary adjective tres, tria, “three,”; agrees with “cervos.”  “litore” is ablative singular of litis, litoris, n. (3^rd), “shore.”  Locative ablative.  “cervos,” direct object of “prospicit” in the following line, is accusative plural of cervos, cervi, m. (2^nd), “deer.” 

“prospicit” is third person singular present indicative active of prospicio, prospicere, prospexi, prospectum, “to see a frontal view, command a wide view, see right in front [of one]”; subject is Aeneas understood.  “errantes,” agreeing with “cervos” in the previous line, is accusative present participle of erro, errare, erravi, erratum (1^st), “to wander.”   The demonstrative pronoun “hos,” referring to “cervos” in the previous line, is accusative plural masculine of hic, haec, hoc.  The adjective “tota,” qualifying “armenta,” is nominative plural neuter of totus, tota, totum.  “armenta,” subject of “sequunter,” is nominative plural of armentum, armenti, n. (2^nd), “herd.”   “sequunter” is third person plural present indicative of the deponent sequor, sequi, secutus sum, “to follow.” 

“a” = “ab.”  a+ablative “tergo,” ablative singular of tergum, tergi, m. (2^nd), “back, rear.  Thus “a tergo” = “from behind, in the rear.”  The conjunction “et” joins the subject “armenta” in the previous line with the subject “agment.”  The adjective “longum,” qualifying the subject “agmen,” is  nominative singular neuter of longus, longa, longum, “long.”  The preposition “per”+accusative governs “valles.”  “valles” is accusative plural of  valles, valles, f. (3^rd), “valley.”  “pascitur is third person singular present indicative active of pasco, pascere, pavi, pastum (3^rd); “agmen” is the subject.  “agmen” is nominative singular of agmen, agminis, m. (3^rd), “throng, multitude; army on the march.”    

Constitit hic, arcumque manu celerisque sagittas
corripuit, fidus quae tela gerebat Achates;

“constitit” is third person singular present indicative active of consto, constare, constiti, constitum, “to stand still.”  The locative adverb “hic”=”here, hereupon.”  “arcum,” direct object of “corripuit” in the following line, is accusative singular of arcus, arcus, m. (4^th), “bow.  “-que” links “arcum” and “saggitas.”  “manu” is ablative singular of manus, manus, f. (4^th);  instrumental ablative.  The adjective “celeris,” modifying “sagittas,” is accusative plural feminine of celer, celeris, celere, “swift.”  “sagittas,” direct object of “corripuit” in the following line, is accusative plural of sagitta, sagittae, f. (1^st), “arrow.”

“corripuit “ is third person singular perfect indicative active of corripio, corripere, corripui, correptum, “to seize, to snatch up”; subject is Aeneas understood, and the direct objects are “arcumque…sagittas” in the previous line.  The adjective “fidus,” modifying “Achates,” is nominative singular masculine of fidus, fida, fidum, “loyal.”  The relative pronoun “quae,” agreeing with “tela,” is accusative plural neuter of qui, quae, quod.  “tela,” direct object of “gerebat,” is accusative plural of telum, teli, n. (2^nd), “weapon.” “gerebat” is third person singular imperfect indicative active of gero, gerere, gessi, gestum (3^rd), “to bear, to carry”; “Achates” is the subject.  “Achates” is nominative singular of Achates, Achatae, m. (1^st.). 

ductoresque ipsos primum, capita alta ferentis
cornibus arboreis, sternit, tum vulgus, et omnem               190
miscet agens telis nemora inter frondea turbam;

_{“ductores,”} the direct object of “sternit”in the following line, is accusative plural of ductor, ductoris, m., “leader.”  The intensive pronoun “ipsos,” agreeing with “ductores,” is plural accusative masculine of ipse, ipsa, ipsum.  The adverb “primum”= “first”;  modifies “sternit” in the following line.  “capita” is accusative plural of caput, capitis, n., “head.” The adjective “alta,” modifying “capita,” is neuter accusative plural of altus, alta, altum, “high.” “ferentis,” modifying “ductores,” is plural accusative present participle of fero, ferre, tuli, latus. 

“cornibus,” modifying “capita” in the previous line, is ablative neuter plural of cornu, cornus, n., “horn.”  Ablative of description.  The adjective “arboreis,” modifying “cornibus,” is ablative neuter plural of arboreus, arborea, arboreum, “tree-like, branching.”  “sternit” is third person singular present indicative active of sterno, sternere, stravi, stratum, “to stretch out, bring down, lay low.”  Subject is “Aeneas” understood.  The temporal adverb “tum”= “at that time, then, next.”  “vulgus,” direct object of “miscet” in the following line, is neuter accusative singular of vulgus, vulgi, n., “the masses, the common folk; the herd.”  The conjunction “et” links the clauses controlled by “sternit” and “miscet.”  The adjective “omnem,” modifying “turbam” in the following line, is accusative feminine singular of omnis, omne, “all.” 

“miscet” is third person singular present indicative active of misceo, miscere, miscui, mixtum, “to mix, to mix up, confuse, confound.”  Subject is Aeneas understood.  “agens” is present participle of ago, agere, egi, actum, “to drive, to move.”  “telis” is ablative plural of telum, teli, n. (2^nd), “weapon, dart, spear.”  Instrumental ablative.  “nemora,” object of the preposition “inter,” is accusative plural of nemus, nemoris, n. (3^rd), “grove, wood.” The preposition “inter”+accusative= “among.”  The adjective “frondea,” modifying “nemora,” is accusative neuter plural of frondeus, frondea, frondeum, “leafy.”  “turbam,” direct object of “agens,” is accusative singular of turba, turbae, f. (1^st), “crowd.” 

nec prius absistit, quam septem ingentia victor
corpora fundat humi, et numerum cum navibus aequet.

“nec”=neque, “neither, nor.”  Construe “prius” with “quam” = priusquam, “before”; with the negative, “nec priusquam” = “not until.”  “absistit” is third person singular present indicative active of absisto, absistere, abstiti, abstitum, “to desist, leave off, abstain, withdraw.” The subject is Aeneas understood.  The numerary adjective “septem” modifies “corpora” in the following line.  “ingentiam,” agreeing with “corpora,” is accusative neuter plural of the adjective ingens, ingentis,  “huge.”  “victor,” used adjectivally to qualify “fundat” in the following line, is nominative singular of victor, victoris, m. (3^rd), “conqueror.”

“corpora,” the direct object of “fundat,” is accusative plural of corpus, corporis, n. (3^rd), “body, corpse.”  “fundat” is third person singular present subjunctive active of fundo, fundere, fudi, fusum (3^rd), “to scatter, to bring down; to pour out”; the subject is Aeneas understood; the direct object is “[septem ingentia] corpora.”  The subjunctive mood of “fundat” suggests Aeneas’ purpose. “humi” is the archaic locative used adverbially of humus, humi, f., “ground.”  The conjunction “et” juoins “fundat” and “aequet.”  “numerum,” direct object of “aequet,” is accusative singular of numerus, numeri, m. (2^nd), “number.”  The preposition “cum”+ablative governs “navibus.” “navibus” is ablative plural of navis, navis, f. (3^rd).  “aequet” is third person singular present subjunctive active of aequo, aequare, aequavi, aequatum, “to make even, to make equal.”      

Hinc portum petit, et socios partitur in omnes.

The adverb “hinc”= “hence, from hence.”  “portum,” the direct object of “petit,” is accusative singular of portus, portus, m. (4^th), “harbor.”  “petit” is third person singular present indicative active of peto, petere, petivi, petitum (3^rd), “to seek, make for, go to.” The subject is Aeneas understood.  The conjunction “et” joins “petit” and “partitur.”  “socios,” governed by the preposition “in,” is accusative plural of socius, socii, m. (2^nd), “friend, companion.”  The preposition “in” + accusative governs “socios.” “partitur” is third person singular present indicative of the deponent partior, partiri, partitus sum (4^th), “to apportion, share out, divide.”  The adjective “omnes,” agreeing with “socios,” is accusative plural masculine of omnis, omne, “all.”  

Vina bonus quae deinde cadis onerarat Acestes               195
litore Trinacrio dederatque abeuntibus heros,
dividit, et dictis maerentia pectora mulcet:

“vina,” direct object of “dividit” at 197, is accusative plural of vinum, vini, n. (2^nd), “wine.” The adjective “bonus,” agreeing with “Acestes,” is nominative singular masculine of bonus, bona, bonum.  The relative pronoun “quae,” referring to “vina,” is accusative plural neuter of qui, quae, quod.  “quae” is the object of “onerarat.”  The adverb “deinde”=  “then, thereafter.”  “cadis,” indirect object of “onerarat,” is dative plural of cadus, cadi, m. (2^nd), “wine-jar.”  “onerarat” is a contracted form of the third person singular pluperfect indicative active of onero, onerare, oneravi, oneratum (1^st), “to stow away, to store; to load, to burden.”  “quae,” i.e. “vina,” is the is the direct object and “cadis,” i.e. the wine-jars, is the indirect object.  “Acestes” is nominative singular of Acestes, Acestae, m., “King in Sicily, of Trojan stock.”  “Acestes” is the subject of “onerarat.” 

“litore” is ablative singular of litor, litoris, n. (3^rd), “shore.”  Ablative of place from which.  The adjective “Trinacrio,” qualifying “litore,” is ablative singular of Trinacrius, Trinacria, Trinacrium, “belonging to Trinacria”; Trinacria is another name for Sicily.  “dederat” is third person singular pluperfect indicative active of do, dare, dedi, datum; “Acestes” in the previous line is the subject.  “-que” joins “onerarat” in the previous line with “dederat” in the parallel construction.  “abeuntibus” is dative plural of the present participle of the intransitive irregular abeo, abire, abii, abitum, “to go away, depart from.”  Dative of the indirect object.  “heros,” in apposition to “Acestes” in the previous line, is nominative singular of heros, herois, m. (3^rd), “hero.” 

“dividit” is third person singular present indicative active of divido, dividere, divisi, divisum (3^rd), “to divide.”  The subject is Aeneas understood. The conjunction “et” joins “dividit” to “mulcet.”  “dictis” is ablative plural of dictum, dicti, m. (2^nd), “word, saying.”  Instrumental ablative.  The participle  “maerentia,” qualifying “pectora,” is accusative plural of the present participle of the intransitive defective maereo, maerere, “to mourn.” “pectora,” the direct object of “mulcet,”  is accusative plural of pectus, pectoris, m. (3^rd), “breast.”  “mulcet” is third person singular present indicative active of mulceo, mulcere, mulsi, mulsum, “to soothe.”