Instructor: James Ransom
January 12, 2014
Caesar, DBG 1:5
Course Notes
© 2014 James Ransom, M.A., J.D.
[5] 1 Post eius mortem
nihilo minus Helvetii id quod constituerant facere conantur, ut e finibus suis
exeant. 2 Ubi iam se ad eam rem
paratos esse arbitrati sunt, oppida sua omnia, numero ad duodecim, vicos ad
quadringentos, reliqua privata aedificia incendunt; 3 frumentum omne, praeter quod secum portaturi erant,
comburunt, ut domum reditionis spe sublata paratiores ad omnia pericula
subeunda essent; trium mensum molita cibaria sibi quemque domo efferre iubent. 4 Persuadent Rauracis et Tulingis et
Latobrigis finitimis, uti eodem usi consilio oppidis suis vicisque exustis una cum
iis proficiscantur, Boiosque, 5 qui trans Rhenum incoluerant et in
agrum Noricum transierant Noreiamque oppugnabant, receptos ad se socios sibi
adsciscunt.
[5] 1 Post eius mortem nihilo minus
Helvetii id quod constituerant facere conantur, ut e finibus suis exeant. After his death, the Helvetii nevertheless
attempted to carry out their plan and emigrate from their land; “exeant”
is third persent plural present subjunctive active of exeo, exire, exivi, exitus; subjunctive in purpose clause with “ut.”
“conantur”
is third person plural present indicative active of conor, conari, conatus sum, “to
try, attempt.” “constituerant” is third
person plural pluperfect indicative active of constituo, constituere,
constitui, constitutum, “to plan, confirm, resolve, decide.”
2
Ubi iam se ad eam rem paratos esse arbitrati sunt, oppida sua omnia, numero ad
duodecim, vicos ad quadringentos, reliqua privata aedificia incendunt; When at length they believed they were
ready for the migration, they set fire to all 12 of their towns, as well as 400
villages and the remaining private buildings; “arbitrati sunt”: perfect participle; “they thought that.” “paratos” is accusative masculine plural perfect
passive participle of paro, parare, paravi, paratum, “to
prepare.” “ad eam rem” = “for that
thing,” i.e., the emigration. “se” is accusative plural of the relfexive
pronoun; subject-accusative of “esse.” “incendunt” is third person plural
present indicative active of incendo, incendere, incendi, incensum, “to
set on fire, ignite, burn, kindle,” governing the accusative “reliqua privata
aedificia.”
3
frumentum omne, praeter quod secum portaturi erant, comburunt, ut domum
reditionis spe sublata paratiores ad omnia pericula subeunda essent and they burned all their grain except
what they had planned to bring with them, so that, all hope of returning home
denied, they might more readily confront any danger; “essent”
is third person plural imperfect subjunctive active of sum, esse, fui futurus. “subeunda”is neuter accusative plural of the
future passive participle (gerundive) of subeo, subire, subii, subitum, “approach,
draw near.” “paratiores”: comparative adjective; “better prepared.” “sublata” is ablative of the perfect passive
participle of tollo, tollere, sustuli, sublatum; “removed, destroyed,
abolished.” “reditionis” is genitive
singular of the verbal noun reditio, reditionis, f., “return, go
back.” “comburunt” is third person plural present indicative active of comburo,
comburrere, combussi, combustum, “to burn up, consume with fire,
cremate.” “portaturi erant” is periphrasitic future, i.e, the future active
participle of porto, portare, portavi, portatum + the imperfect of sum;
“were going to carry.”
trium
mensum molita cibaria sibi quemque domo efferre iubent and they commanded every man to take from home a three month
supply of rations; “iubent” is third
person plural present indicative active of iubeo, iubere, iussi, iustum, “to
command, order.” “effere” is present
infinitive active of effero, effere, extuli, elatum, “to
carry.” “sibi”: dative singular of the reflexive pronoun sui,
sibi, se; dative of reference or advantage. “quemque”:
subject-accusative of “effere.” “cibaria”=
provisions, foodstuffs; neuter accusative
plural aof the adjective cibarius, cibaria, cibarium, used
here as a noun; direct object of “effere.” “molita” modifies “cibaria.”
4 Persuadent Rauracis et Tulingis et Latobrigis
finitimis, uti eodem usi consilio oppidis suis vicisque exustis una cum iis
proficiscantur, They persuaded their
neighbors, the Rauraci, the Tulingi, and the Latobrigi, to adopt the same plan,
burn their strongholds and townships, and march out with them; “proficiscantur” is
third person plural present subjunctive active of the deponent verb profiscor,
proficisci, profectus sum, “to set out, depart, leave.” Subjunctive of purpose after “uti.” “exustus” is the perfect passive participle
of exuro,
exurere, exussi, exustum, “to burn up, consume by fire.” “vicisque” = “vicis,” village or
neighborhood, + “que.” “usi” is
nominative plural of the participle usus, usa, usum, of the deponent
verb utor,
uti, usus sum, “to use, employ, adopt.” “finitimis”=adjective, “neighbors, bordering
peoples.”
Boiosque, 5 qui
trans Rhenum incoluerant et in agrum Noricum transierant Noreiamque
oppugnabant, receptos ad se socios sibi adsciscunt. and they recruited the Boii, who had dwelt across the Rhine, but
then had crossed over into Noricum and attacked Noreia, as a partisan of the
alliance;
“adsciscunt” is third person plural present indicative active of adscisco,
adscisere, adscivi, adscitum, “to
approve, receive.” “receptos” is accusative plural of the perfect passive
participle of recipio, recipere, recepti,
receptum, “to receive, accept.” “oppugnabant”
third person plural pluperfect indicative active of oppugno, oppugnare, oppugnavi,
oppugnatum, “to attack, storm, beseige.” “transierant” is third person plural pluperfect indicative active of transeo,
transire, transivi, transitum, “to cross over.” “incoluerant” is third person plural
pluperfect indicative of incolo, incolere, incolui, incultum,
“to dwell, inhabit.”
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